Effects of different phases of menstrual cycle on lung functions in young girls of 18-24 years age

Background: The dynamic cyclical changes in the levels of various hormones during different phases of menstrual cycle are known to affect functioning of different systems of the body, including the respiratory system. Objective of the study was to study the effects of different phases of menstrual cycle on lung functions in young girls of 18-24 years age.Methods: 78 girls who were medical students of G.R. Medical College, Gwalior, India were chosen for the study. Their lung function parameters were recorded on Spiro Excel, a computerized spirometer. Four lung function parameters i.e. FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC% and PEFR were recorded in the different phases of menstrual cycle i.e. menstrual phase, proliferative phase and secretory phase.Results: All lung function parameters except FEV1/FVC% were least in menstrual phase and highest in secretory phase with in between values in proliferative phase. The values were significantly different among the three phases. FEV1/FVC% values were maximum in menstrual phase, lowest in secretory phase with intermediate values in proliferative phase but the values were not significantly different among the three phases. Mean values of FVC, FEV1 and PEFR were higher in all the phases of menstrual cycle in normal BMI subjects as compared to the corresponding phases of underweight subjects.Conclusions: Higher values of lung functions during proliferative and secretory phases can be attributed to the higher concentrations of sex hormones specially progesterone because in most of the studies progesterone is known to cause relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle

A comparative study of the relationship between the recovery of movement and the anatomical alignment in fractures around the elbow

Background: The injury around the elbow joint is a common condition in any age group, especially in children as a result of fall, during the course of a child's normal play. The aim of the present study was to study the relationship between the recovery of movements and the anatomical alignment in fractures around the elbow.Methods: In the present study, 110 cases of fractures around elbow were included. The treatment with conservative or operative procedure depends on the surgeon concerned and his priorities. Sixty-six cases were treated conservatively, and 56 cases required operative intervention. At the time of follow up examination, cases were assessed as to the anatomical and functional point of view according to Flynn's criteria. We evaluated the reduction as per alignment in anteroposterior axis, lateral axis, and angulation. The patients were followed up for over 24 months.Results: Patients who had good anatomical alignment (grade A) showed 96.87% satisfactory result as compared to the patient who had fair anatomical alignment (91.66%) and poor anatomical alignment (54.54%). Thus in grade A where alignment was up to 76 points, we had satisfactory result in 96.87% patients, where as in grade C where alignment was less than 50 points, the result in 45.5% of patients was poor.Conclusions: Patients who had good anatomical alignment achieved, showed higher recovery of movement compared to the patient who had fair anatomical alignment and poor anatomical alignment

Nanoparticles: Novel Approach to Mitigate Environmental Pollutants

Pollution is one of the biggest challenges of current times. For control of environmental pollutants, degradation of these contaminants is need of times. Degradation of pollutants can be achieved by various physical and chemical or by physicochemical approaches. Since these methods are in efficient, hence development of biological methods began. Bioremediation is the approach of using bacteria, fungi, plants, algae, etc. to degrade wide range of environmental pollutants. Nano-bioremediation is one of such method which has received lot of attention in past few years. Nano-sized particles have large surface area relative to their volumes and thus have enhanced chemical and biological reactivity. Nano-bioremediation aims at reducing the contaminant concentrations to low risk-based levels and alleviating environmental impacts simultaneously. It brings the benefits to both nanotechnology and bioremediation together to achieve remediation which is more efficient, less time taking and eco-friendly

Enzymatic degradation of pyridine raffinate using response surface and artificial neural network simulation

584-592Pyridine is a heterocyclic aromatic compound present in pyridine raffinate, an organic discharge of the pyridine manufacturing industry. Besides pyridine, raffinate also contains formaldehyde, picolines and phenolics. Earlier, we isolated Gamma proteobacterium from timber soil for laccase production and optimized the involved process parameters. Here, we studied the optimization of process parameters for biodegradation of pyridine raffinate with the help of mathematical modeling [central composite design with response surface methodology (CCD-RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN)]. The results predicted ANN to be a better tool for optimization of pyridine raffinate degradation. CCD was used to develop the best fit second-order polynomial quadratic regression equation. Prediction of degradation percentage for pyridine raffinate was done using the equation which was found to be 71.60% at temperature 36.76°C, pH 7.45 and inoculum concentration 1.96 mL/10mL. The predicted response was experimentally validated in the wet lab to verify the degradation efficiency. The outcome was 65.76±2%, further confirmed by Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). The result of GC-FID () data showed no trace of pyridine (Area 0%) which was reduced from initial area of 1.38% pyridine in raffinate sample

Evaluation of clinical results and complications of internal fixation of intertrochanteric femur fracture with proximal femoral nail antirotation

Background: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the theoretical advantages of the proximal femoral nail antirotation in cases of intertrochanteric fractures and also whether it actually alters the eventual functional outcome of the patient.Methods: The present study includes a total 30 patients with intertrochanteric femur fractures managed with proximal femoral nail antirotation between December 2014 to November 2016. In all patients similar standard physical rehabilitation therapy were followed. All complications including intra and postoperative were assessed and recorded. The patients were followed up for over 24 months. Functional outcome was assessed using the Harris hip score.Results: All of 30 cases of intertrochanteric fracture got united with good anatomical position and average time of fracture union was 14 weeks. Postoperative complications included 2 degree varus deformity (n=1, 3%), calcification at tip of greater trochanter (n=4, 13%), sensitivity over TFL (n=2, 7%), medial thigh pain (n=3, 10%). 10 patients developed femoral shortness (mean=0.22 cm, range from 0-1 cm). Average harris hip score at the end of study showed mean value of 87, ranged from 65 to 94 with almost 22 (73%) patients showing excellent or good outcome.Conclusions: Proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) represents a significant treatment option in management of intertrochanteric fractures with low complication rate

Ayurveda Kayachikitsa towards the management of joint pain: a review

Joint pain is one of the very common problems amongst the elderly age population. Clinically it is characterized by shula, shotha and prasaarana-aakunchanayo pravruttischa vedana. Ayurveda described various treatment modalities for the management of joint pain such as; snehana, swedan, upanaha, lepa and herbal medicine. Kayachikitsa is branch which deal with use of ayurveda drugs for the management of various diseases. This branch also recommended use of different natural medicine for the treatment of joint pain. Guggulu (Comiphora mukul) is most common drug used in Amavata; disease of joint pain. Similarly various herbal formulation of Ashwagandha, Rasna, Sunthi, Pippali, Gokshura and Trivrut are also recommended in diseases of joint pain. Present article summarized role of herbal medicine in joint pain. Keywords: Ayurveda, Kayachikitsa, Joint Pain, Shula, Vedana.   &nbsp

Enzymatic degradation of pyridine raffinate using response surface and artificial neural network simulation

Pyridine is a heterocyclic aromatic compound present in pyridine raffinate, an organic discharge of the pyridine manufacturing industry. Besides pyridine, raffinate also contains formaldehyde, picolines and phenolics. Earlier, we isolated Gamma proteobacterium from timber soil for laccase production and optimized the involved process parameters. Here, we studied the optimization of process parameters for biodegradation of pyridine raffinate with the help of mathematical modeling [central composite design with response surface methodology (CCD-RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN)]. The results predicted ANN to be a better tool for optimization of pyridine raffinate degradation. CCD was used to develop the best fit second-order polynomial quadratic regression equation. Prediction of degradation percentage for pyridine raffinate was done using the equation which was found to be 71.60% at temperature 36.76°C, pH 7.45 and inoculum concentration 1.96 mL/10mL. The predicted response was experimentally validated in the wet lab to verify the degradation efficiency. The outcome was 65.76±2%, further confirmed by Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). The result of GC-FID () data showed no trace of pyridine (Area 0%) which was reduced from initial area of 1.38% pyridine in raffinate sample

A study to assess awareness regarding eye donation among post graduate medical students admitted through NEET pre PG 2014 of Gajra Raja medical college Gwalior, M.P., India

Background: According to WHO estimates India has 10 million blind populations. Corneal problems cause a significant proportion of blindness in India. Although effective strategies to prevent corneal blindness are likely to be more cost effective, visual rehabilitation by corneal transplantation remains the major treatment for restoring sight in those who already have corneal blindness. The requirement of donor corneas per year is at least 20 times the current procurement. Objective: To assess the knowledge and attitude of post graduate medical students regarding eye donation and their willingness to pledge eyes for donation.Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study conducted using a pretested questionnaire on 116 Post graduate Medical Students but only 106 actually participated in the study.Results: A total of 106 students actually participated in the study. Among them 63 (59.43%) were males and 43 (40.57%) were females. The maximum percentages of the students were of age group 26-29 years. All the students were aware regarding eye donation but still they felt it was necessary to obtain consent from family members.Conclusion: These data showed that although the awareness is good but still there is imperative need to emphasize to evade myths concerning eye donation to promote eye donation.

A study to assess prevalence of obesity among medical students of G.R. medical college, Gwalior, M. P., India

Background: Obesity is emerging as a serious problem throughout the world, not only among adults but also children, teenagers and young adults. Medical education is stressful throughout the whole course of training. Overweight and obesity is one of the preventable cause of morbidity and mortality. The social implications of obesity are a major problem that is often neglected. Objectives of current study were to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity in medical students and to assess the factors influencing the development of overweight and obesity.Methods:The present study was a cross sectional study of IInd semester medical students in which, a total of 131 students were included. The study involved administration of a pretested questionnaire to the students and their anthropometric measurements.Results:In a batch of 150 students 131 participated in the study in which 90 (68.70%) were males and 41 (31.30%) were females. The prevalence of overweight was 13 (9.93%) and the prevalence of obesity was 2 (1.53%).  Conclusion:The study showed a high prevalence of overweight and obesity among the medical students. At the time of anthropometric measurements awareness was created for their weight and for the promotion of physical activity among medical students.

Biomass Gasification and Applied Intelligent Retrieval in Modeling

Gasification technology often requires the use of modeling approaches to incorporate several intermediate reactions in a complex nature. These traditional models are occasionally impractical and often challenging to bring reliable relations between performing parameters. Hence, this study outlined the solutions to overcome the challenges in modeling approaches. The use of machine learning (ML) methods is essential and a promising integration to add intelligent retrieval to traditional modeling approaches of gasification technology. Regarding this, this study charted applied ML-based artificial intelligence in the field of gasification research. This study includes a summary of applied ML algorithms, including neural network, support vector, decision tree, random forest, and gradient boosting, and their performance evaluations for gasification technologies